Top 30 programming languages ranked by TIOBE index from 2000 to 2024, showing how language popularity shifted over time.
Language | Rank 2024 | Rank 2020 | Rank 2015 | Rank 2010 | Rank 2005 | Rank 2000 | Category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Python | 1 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 26 | Scripting/General |
| C | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | Systems |
| C++ | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | Systems |
| Java | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | Enterprise/General |
| C# | 5 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 11 | Enterprise |
| JavaScript | 6 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 10 | 16 | Web/Scripting |
| Visual Basic | 7 | 6 | 12 | 15 | 20 | 9 | Enterprise |
| PHP | 8 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | Web |
| SQL | 9 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 7 | Database |
| Go | 10 | 12 | 21 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Systems/Cloud |
| Delphi | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 4 | 4 | Desktop |
| Swift | 12 | 13 | 15 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Mobile/General |
| Ruby | 13 | 16 | 11 | 11 | 15 | 45 | Scripting/Web |
| Rust | 14 | 20 | 46 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Systems |
| Kotlin | 15 | 17 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Mobile/Enterprise |
| Fortran | 16 | 30 | 27 | 25 | 12 | 14 | Scientific |
| MATLAB | 17 | 14 | 13 | 16 | 17 | 23 | Scientific |
| Assembly | 18 | 15 | 9 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Systems |
| Perl | 19 | 19 | 16 | 12 | 8 | 6 | Scripting |
| R | 20 | 18 | 17 | 22 | 30 | N/A | Data Science |
| TypeScript | 21 | 24 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Web |
| Scratch | 22 | 25 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Education |
| Dart | 23 | 27 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Mobile |
| Lua | 24 | 28 | 26 | 19 | 16 | N/A | Embedded/Scripting |
| Scala | 25 | 29 | 25 | 27 | N/A | N/A | Data/Enterprise |
| Haskell | 26 | 36 | 39 | 35 | 38 | N/A | Functional |
| Cobol | 27 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 14 | 8 | Enterprise/Legacy |
| Lisp | 28 | 31 | 29 | 20 | 13 | 12 | Functional |
| Ada | 29 | 22 | 28 | 26 | N/A | 15 | Systems/Safety |
| Julia | 30 | 35 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Scientific |